There are several steps involved in a disaster situation.

1. The initial disaster. A disaster consists on any occurrence that effects a (individual, family, community, nation, take your pick) to a great extent. Most disasters occur in a matter of seconds, but may last several minutes. This is when the physical damage occurs.


2. Shock and initial S...AR (Search And Rescue). This stage consists of coming to your senses, rescuing yourself, then your family. All classes I have taken stress “You are no good to anybody if YOU are not (safe, healthy, etc.). I must agree. Help yourself, help your family, help your neighbors, in that order. More than likely, help will not arrive in time to help you, and possibly your family. It's up to you. This stage can last as long as 30 minutes.

3. Extended SAR and Triage. This is when help arrives. NOTE: The emergency is NOT over!!! Keep your head as much as possible, and secure your perimeter. For civilians, this means your home, thus establishing a base for you to work from. Work with the officials, and help as you can. Triage means sorting. The responding personnel will look at the situation and help the worst off first. Please note that if you are injured, steps 2 and 3 are very difficult, if not impossible. Do not be afraid to ask for help, but you should also be as self-sufficient as possible. There are many more out there in worse shape than you, do not be an unnecessary burden on the rescuers. This can last several days to as long as several weeks.

4. Salvage and Recovery. Although much help has poured into the area, salvaging a person's belongings (yours and/or somebody else's) will help 'ground' the person, and help them to get back on an even keel. Recovered pets often are a strong comfort to children, as are personal clothing and shoes things that effects adults (not sure why). What is important to each person is different. If possible, involve the resident in the salvage. The emergency is abated (but not over) and you can “spaz out” for a short time, if needed. The division line between steps 3 and 4 are very blurry.

5. Cleanup. Removing the Debris. This is the hardest step, because bodies are often found. It can last as long as 30 days, but should be done as soon as possible. The psychological problems are often compounded, if the depressing rubble is allowed to sit upon the person's (or anybody's) mind.

6. Rebuild. Starting your life over, again. Assistance will be offered from many sources. Be aware that there are thieves out there that will take you for what little you have left. Use your head. Be careful! This step usually last several months, but may last for years.
h/t Sharon N Lance Palmr